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PyPI · #43 most downloaded on PyPI
Utility library for gitignore style pattern matching of file paths.
Last release 5 months ago
27 Apr 2026
Release timing varies
gaps range from 3 weeks to 2.1 years
Nearly every release is documented
notes for 37 of 37 stable releases
1 version withdrawn
withdrawn after publishing
13 years old
38 releases · first in 2013
Release v1.1.1. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.1.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Improvements:
Improved type checking with mypy and pyright.
Bug fixes:
Fixed typing on PathSpec[TPattern] to PathSpec[TPattern_co].
Added missing variant type-hint type[Pattern] to PathSpec.from_lines() parameter pattern_factory.
Fixed possible type error when using + and += operators on PathSpec.
Release v1.1.0. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.1.0. See CHANGES.rst.
One column per quarter.
New features:
Issue #108: Specialize pattern type for PathSpec as PathSpec[TPattern] for better debugging of PathSpec().patterns.
Bug fixes:
`Issue #93`_: Git discards invalid range notation. GitIgnoreSpecPattern now discards patterns with invalid range notation like Git.
Pull #106: Fix escape() not escaping backslash characters.
Improvements:
Pull #110: Nicer debug print outs (and str for regex pattern).
Release v1.0.4. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.0.4. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Issue #103: Using re2 fails if pyre2 is also installed.
Release v1.0.3. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.0.3. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Issue #101: pyright strict errors with pathspec >= 1.0.0.
Issue #102: No module named 'tomllib'.
Release v1.0.2. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.0.2. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Type hint collections.abc.Callable does not properly replace typing.Callable until Python 3.9.2.
Release v1.0.1. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.0.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Issue #100: ValueError(f"{patterns=!r} cannot be empty.") when using black.
Release v1.0.0. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v1.0.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Major changes:
Issue #91: Dropped support of EoL Python 3.8.
Added concept of backends to allow for faster regular expression matching. The backend can be controlled using the backend argument to PathSpec(), PathSpec.from_lines(), GitIgnoreSpec(), and GitIgnoreSpec.from_lines().
Renamed "gitwildmatch" pattern back to "gitignore". The "gitignore" pattern behaves slightly differently when used with PathSpec (gitignore as documented) than with GitIgnoreSpec (replicates Git's edge cases).
API changes:
Breaking: protected method pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec._match_file() (with a leading underscore) has been removed and replaced by backends. This does not affect normal usage of PathSpec or GitIgnoreSpec. Only custom subclasses will be affected. If this breaks your usage, let me know by opening an issue.
Deprecated: "gitwildmatch" is now an alias for "gitignore".
Deprecated: pathspec.patterns.GitWildMatchPattern is now an alias for pathspec.patterns.gitignore.spec.GitIgnoreSpecPattern.
Deprecated: pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch module has been replaced by the pathspec.patterns.gitignore package.
Deprecated: pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch.GitWildMatchPattern is now an alias for pathspec.patterns.gitignore.spec.GitIgnoreSpecPattern.
Deprecated: pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch.GitWildMatchPatternError is now an alias for pathspec.patterns.gitignore.GitIgnorePatternError.
Removed: pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch.GitIgnorePattern has been deprecated since v0.4 (2016-07-15).
Signature of method pathspec.pattern.RegexPattern.match_file() has been changed from def match_file(self, file: str) -> RegexMatchResult | None to def match_file(self, file: AnyStr) -> RegexMatchResult | None to reflect usage.
Signature of class method pathspec.pattern.RegexPattern.pattern_to_regex() has been changed from def pattern_to_regex(cls, pattern: str) -> tuple[str, bool] to def pattern_to_regex(cls, pattern: AnyStr) -> tuple[AnyStr | None, bool | None] to reflect usage and documentation.
New features:
Added optional "hyperscan" backend using hyperscan library. It will automatically be used when installed. This dependency can be installed with pip install 'pathspec[hyperscan]'.
Added optional "re2" backend using the google-re2 library. It will automatically be used when installed. This dependency can be installed with pip install 'pathspec[re2]'.
Added optional dependency on typing-extensions library to improve some type hints.
Bug fixes:
Issue #93: Do not remove leading spaces.
Issue #95: Matching for files inside folder does not seem to behave like .gitignore's.
Issue #98: UnboundLocalError in RegexPattern when initialized with pattern=None.
Type hint on return value of pathspec.pattern.RegexPattern.match_file() to match documentation.
Improvements:
Mark Python 3.13 and 3.14 as supported.
No-op patterns are now filtered out when matching files, slightly improving performance.
Fix performance regression in iter_tree_files() from v0.10.
Release v0.12.1. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v0.12.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Issue #84: PathSpec.match_file() returns None since 0.12.0.
Release v0.12.0. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v0.12.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Major changes:
Dropped support of EoL Python 3.7. See Pull #82.
API changes:
Signature of protected method pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec._match_file() (with a leading underscore) has been changed from def _match_file(patterns: Iterable[Pattern], file: str) -> bool to def _match_file(patterns: Iterable[Tuple[int, Pattern]], file: str) -> Tuple[Optional[bool], Optional[int]].
New features:
Added pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec.check_*() methods. These methods behave similarly to .match_*() but return additional information in the pathspec.util.CheckResult objects (e.g., CheckResult.index indicates the index of the last pattern that matched the file).
Added pathspec.pattern.RegexPattern.pattern attribute which stores the original, uncompiled pattern.
Bug fixes:
Improvements:
Mark Python 3.12 as supported. See Pull #82.
Improve test debugging.
Improve type hint on on_error parameter on pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec.match_tree_entries().
Improve type hint on on_error parameter on pathspec.util.iter_tree_entries().
Release v0.11.2. See CHANGES.rst .
Release v0.11.2. See CHANGES.rst.
New features:
Issue #80: match_files with negated path spec. pathspec.PathSpec.match_*() now have a negate parameter to make using .gitignore logic easier and more efficient.
Bug fixes:
Release v0.11.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.11.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Issue #74: Include directory should override exclude file.
Improvements:
Pull #75: Fix partially unknown PathLike type.
Convert os.PathLike to a string properly using os.fspath.
Release v0.11.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.11.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Major changes:
Changed build backend to flit_core.buildapi from `setuptools.build_meta`_. Building with setuptools through setup.py is still supported for distributions that need it. See Issue #72.
Improvements:
Release v0.10.3. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.10.3. See CHANGES.rst.
New features:
Added utility function pathspec.util.append_dir_sep() to aid in distinguishing between directories and files on the file-system. See Issue #65.
Bug fixes:
Issue #68: Exports are considered private.
Issue #70/Pull #71: 'Self' string literal type is Unknown in pyright.
Improvements:
Issue #65: Checking directories via match_file() does not work on Path objects.
Release v0.10.2. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.10.2. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Fix failing tests on Windows.
Type hint on root parameter on pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec.match_tree_entries().
Type hint on root parameter on pathspec.pathspec.PathSpec.match_tree_files().
Type hint on root parameter on pathspec.util.iter_tree_entries().
Type hint on root parameter on pathspec.util.iter_tree_files().
Issue #64: IndexError with my .gitignore file when trying to build a Python package.
Improvements:
Pull #58: CI: add GitHub Actions test workflow.
Release v0.10.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.10.1. See CHANGES.rst.
Bug fixes:
Fix documentation on pathspec.pattern.RegexPattern.match_file().
Pull #60: Remove redundant wheel dep from pyproject.toml.
Issue #61: Dist failure for Fedora, CentOS, EPEL.
Issue #62: Since version 0.10.0 pure wildcard does not work in some cases.
Improvements:
Restore support for legacy installations using setup.py. See Issue #61.
Release v0.10.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Release v0.10.0. See CHANGES.rst.
Major changes:
Dropped support of EoL Python 2.7, 3.5, 3.6. See Issue #47.
The gitwildmatch pattern dir/* is now handled the same as dir/. This means dir/* will now match all descendants rather than only direct children. See Issue #19.
Added pathspec.GitIgnoreSpec class (see new features).
Changed build system to pyproject.toml and build backend to setuptools.build_meta which may have unforeseen consequences.
Renamed GitHub project from python-path-specification to python-pathspec. See Issue #35.
API changes:
Deprecated: pathspec.util.match_files() is an old function no longer used.
Deprecated: pathspec.match_files() is an old function no longer used.
Deprecated: pathspec.util.normalize_files() is no longer used.
Deprecated: pathspec.util.iter_tree() is an alias for pathspec.util.iter_tree_files().
Deprecated: pathspec.iter_tree() is an alias for pathspec.util.iter_tree_files().
Deprecated: pathspec.pattern.Pattern.match() is no longer used. Use or implement pathspec.pattern.Pattern.match_file().
New features:
Added class pathspec.gitignore.GitIgnoreSpec (with alias pathspec.GitIgnoreSpec) to implement gitignore behavior not possible with standard PathSpec class. The particular gitignore behavior implemented is prioritizing patterns matching the file directly over matching an ancestor directory.
Bug fixes:
Issue #19: Files inside an ignored sub-directory are not matched.
Issue #41: Incorrectly (?) matches files inside directories that do match.
Pull #51: Refactor deprecated unittest aliases for Python 3.11 compatibility.
Issue #53: Symlink pathspec_meta.py breaks Windows.
Issue #54: test_util.py uses os.symlink which can fail on Windows.
Issue #55: Backslashes at start of pattern not handled correctly.
Pull #56: pyproject.toml: include subpackages in setuptools config
Issue #57: ! doesn't exclude files in directories if the pattern doesn't have a trailing slash.
Improvements:
Support Python 3.10, 3.11.
Modernize code to Python 3.7.
Issue #52: match_files() is not a pure generator function, and it impacts tree_*() gravely.
Issue #44_/Pull #50_: Raise GitWildMatchPatternError for invalid git patterns.
Issue #44/Pull #50: Raise GitWildMatchPatternError for invalid git patterns.
Pull #45: Fix for duplicate leading double-asterisk, and edge cases.
Issue #46: Fix matching absolute paths.
API change: util.normalize_files() now returns a Dict[str, List[pathlike]] instead of a Dict[str, pathlike].
Added type hinting.
Pull #43_: Add support for addition operator.
Pull #43: Add support for addition operator.
Issue #30_: Expose what patterns matched paths. Added util.detailed_match_files().
Issue #30: Expose what patterns matched paths. Added util.detailed_match_files().
Issue #31: match_tree() doesn't return symlinks.
Issue #34: Support pathlib.Paths.
Add PathSpec.match_tree_entries and util.iter_tree_entries() to support directories and symlinks.
API change: match_tree() has been renamed to match_tree_files(). The old name match_tree() is still available as an alias.
API change: match_tree_files() now returns symlinks. This is a bug fix but it will change the returned results.
Pull #28_: Add support for Python 3.8, and drop Python 3.4.
Pull #24_: Drop support for Python 2.6, 3.2, and 3.3.
Fixed file system error handling.
Fixed file system error handling.
Created scripts to test Python 2.6 because Tox removed support for it.
Improved type checking.
Created scripts to test Python 2.6 because Tox removed support for it.
Improved byte string handling in Python 3.
Issue #22: Handle dangling symlinks.
Issue #21_: Fix collections deprecation warning.
Issue #21: Fix collections deprecation warning.
Issue #20_: Support current directory prefix.
Improved unit tests.
Improved type checking.
Issue #20: Support current directory prefix.
Add documentation link to README.
Add documentation link to README.
Pull #17_: Add link to Ruby implementation of *pathspec*.
Pull #17: Add link to Ruby implementation of pathspec.
Add sphinx documentation.
Issue #14_: Fix byte strings for Python 3.
- Fixed change log.
Fixed change log.
Pull #13_: Add equality methods to PathSpec and RegexPattern.
Pull #13: Add equality methods to PathSpec and RegexPattern.
Deprecated gitignore.GitIgnorePattern.
Issue #12: Add PathSpec.match_file().
Renamed gitignore.GitIgnorePattern to patterns.gitwildmatch.GitWildMatchPattern.
Deprecated gitignore.GitIgnorePattern.
Issue #11_: Support converting patterns into regular expressions without compiling them.
Issue #11: Support converting patterns into regular expressions without compiling them.
API change: Subclasses of RegexPattern should implement pattern_to_regex().
Pull #7_: Fixed non-recursive links.
- Improved documentation.
Improved documentation.
Issue #6_: Fixed matching Windows paths.
- Updated README.
Updated README.
Pull #3_: Fixed trailing slash in gitignore patterns.
- Fixed setup.py.
Fixed setup.py.
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